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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltam | om ket͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltat | ot ket͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalteʃ | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltəna | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəda | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltət | ogət ket͡ɕalt |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltəm | ʃəm ket͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltət͡ɕ | ʃət͡ɕ ket͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalte | əʃ ket͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltna | əʃna ket͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltda | əʃda ket͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltət͡ɕ | əʃt ket͡ɕalt |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltənam | ket͡ɕaltən oməl |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənat | ket͡ɕaltən otəl |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltən | ket͡ɕaltən ogəl |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltənːa | ket͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltənda | ket͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltənət | ket͡ɕaltən ogətəl |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltam əʎe | om ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltat əʎe | ot ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalteʃ əʎe | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltəna əʎe | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəda əʎe | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltət əʎe | ogət ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltam ulmaʃ | om ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltat ulmaʃ | ot ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕalteʃ ulmaʃ | ok/ogeʃ ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltəna ulmaʃ | ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltəda ulmaʃ | oda/ogəda ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltət ulmaʃ | ogət ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltənam əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən oməl əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənat əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən otəl əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltən əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən ogəl əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltənːa əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltənda əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltənət əʎe | ket͡ɕaltən ogətəl əʎe |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltənam ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən oməl ulmaʃ |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltənat ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən otəl ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltən ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən ogəl ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltənːa ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən onal/ogənal ulmaʃ |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltənda ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən odal/ogədal ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltənət ulmaʃ | ket͡ɕaltən ogətəl ulmaʃ |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕalt | it ket͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltʃe | ənʒe ket͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | (ket͡ɕaltəna) | (ona/ogəna ket͡ɕalt) |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltsa | ida ket͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltəʃt | ənəʃt ket͡ɕalt |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltnem | ənem ket͡ɕalt |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltnet | ənet ket͡ɕalt |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltneʒe | əneʒ ket͡ɕalt |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltnena | ənena ket͡ɕalt |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltneda | əneda ket͡ɕalt |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltneʃt | əneʃt ket͡ɕalt |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | ket͡ɕaltnem əʎe | ənem ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltnena əʎe | ənet ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltneʒe əʎe | əneʒ ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 1PL: | ket͡ɕaltnena əʎe | ənena ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltneda əʎe | əneda ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltneʃt əʎe | əneʃt ket͡ɕalt əʎe |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | ket͡ɕaltnet ulmaʃ | ənet ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3SG: | ket͡ɕaltneʒe ulmaʃ | əneʒ ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | ket͡ɕaltneda ulmaʃ | əneda ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
| 3PL: | ket͡ɕaltneʃt ulmaʃ | əneʃt ket͡ɕalt ulmaʃ |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | ket͡ɕaltaʃ |
| Necessitive infinitive: | ket͡ɕaltman |
| Active participle: | ket͡ɕaltʃe |
| Passive participle: | ket͡ɕaltme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | ket͡ɕaltʃaʃ |
| Negative participle: | ket͡ɕaltdəme |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | ket͡ɕaltən |
| Negative gerund: | ket͡ɕaltde |
| Gerund of prior action: | ket͡ɕaltmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | ket͡ɕaltmeʃ(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | ket͡ɕaltʃəla |
| Nominalization: | ket͡ɕaltmaʃ |
| Negative nominalization: | ket͡ɕaltdəmaʃ |
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| The Mari Web Project is primarily based at the Department of Finno-Ugric Studies at the University of Vienna. The second stage of the project is being funded by the Kone Foundation: The Mari Web Project: Phase 2. Some of our work is carried out at the Institute of Finno-Ugric and Uralic Studies at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich. | ||
| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||